Alan Hubbard: Football has learned nothing from the Olympics

Alan HubbardThe fact that Bradley Wiggins romped home in the BBC Sports Personality of the Year awards surprised no-one. Least of all himself, I imagine.

Eleven Olympians and Paralympians, plus a golfer who will be an Olympian in 2016, comprised the dozen who vied for the viewers' votes, a true reflection of Britain's sporting year.

No surprise either, that the so-called national sports, football, rugby and cricket, merited merely a passing mention.

In fairness, rugby and cricket came good in the past few weeks but even England beating the All Blacks at Twickenham and winning a Test series in India would not have eclipsed the achievements of those who starred in the Olympic Park and its satellite centres of sporting excellence last summer.

Football was summarily kicked into touch, and deservedly so. For it would have been a poisonous presence on the rostrum such has been its abominable misbehavourial pattern in 2012.

Ugly as it has become, co-host Gary Lineker still briefly referred to it as the Beautiful Game.

Was his tongue in his cheek? Maybe it was still beautiful when he and his contemporaries were lacing up their boots but it has since become scarred beyond recognition.

Recent incidents remind us just how toxic and tawdry it is, despoiled by racism, thuggery, arrogance and indiscipline.

Manchester City and Machester United fansManchester City and Manchester United fans separated by police during this derby this month

So many players have become rich and infamous, with no respect for the laws of the game on the field and an attitude off it which suggests they consider themselves immune to the laws of the land.

Ok we may have travelled so way from the mass hooliganism of the seventies and eighties (though you might doubt it when making inter-city train journeys carrying fans on match days) but the malady lingers on.

Now we have regular vile taunts about Munich, Hillsborough and the Holocaust almost every weekend, with a return to pitch encroachment by nutters.

Plus scenes like that in Manchester when Rio Ferdinand left the pitch with his eyebrow streaming with blood after being hit by a coin. Who says there's a recession when Neanderthal idiots happily throw away money? Football certainly isn't feeling the pinch.

Yet sadly it attracts the dregs of society who applaud the misdemeanours of players and fellow fans which are largely received with a shrug, a slap on the wrist and mealy-mouthed denunciation by the so-called guardians of the of the game.

The Premier League has been seduced by Murdoch money and mesmerised by celebrity culture, sacrificing both pride and principles, turning a blind eye to the fundamental ills of a game for which they, and the Football Association (FA), supposedly have a duty of care.

Both bodies appear to be happy to sit back, doff their caps to Mr Abramovich and co and watch it spin beyond their control as long as the bottom line is glowing with health.

Football has become a game which fosters the worst excesses of human kind.

Rio Ferdinand of Manchester UnitedRio Ferdinand was taken off the pitch after a coin was thrown at him from the crowd

Of course other sports are not squeaky clean. Cricket has a crime sheet full of betting scandals and rigged matches for which players have served jail sentences.

There was the deplorable use of the fake blood capsule in rugby, a plethora of pulled horses in racing, and as for cycling, well the all-conquering Brits may be clean (we hope) but principal dope peddler Lance Armstrong has put a spoke in the wheel. Endemic doping is a situation which continues to besmirch athletics too.

But at least governing bodies have been spurred into trying to do something about it, if in cycling's case the blind eye had to be prised open.

Football remains stubbornly myopic.

The fact that it also remains the only game where fans need to be segregated tell us something.

Those in charge say it is all about passion. Rubbish. It is unadulterated tribalism which too often breeds a hatred which spills over into violence and verbal abuse.

This is a sport I used to love but from which I am now totally disaffected. I retain fond memories of covering England's World Cup victory in 1966 and following West Ham when, under the celebrated Ron Greenwood, a team which included Bobby Moore, Martin Peters and Geoff Hurst played such sublime football.

Now fear not it has become so up itself, so consumed by greed and global marketing that it fails to see the dismay it causes among those, who like me, cherished the game for what it was.

Today it smugly harbours the incorrigible, the persistent cheats like those who appear to have been taking diving lessons from Tom Daley.

Yet too often those who make the rules look away when they see things which would not be tolerated in any other sport, encouraged by sycophantic TV interviewers and cheerleading commentators.

What we have witnessed since this grossly disfigured season began indicates that football has learned nothing from the Olympics, even though vowed it would.

Why this apparent reluctance to inject the sort of decency, dignity and real sportsmanship that epitomised the Olympics? Is it because those in charge have neither the will, nor the bottle? The Sports Minister Hugh Robertson was absolutely right when he said football was the worst governed of all sports.

His patience understandably is wearing thin and some Government intervention may be the only way forward.

Seb CoeDoes football need someone like Lord Coe to as an independent NFL-style commissioner?

What the game needs, but sadly is unlikely ever to get, is an independent NFL-style commissioner (Lord Coe would be my choice), who knows that the one way to stop the rot is to restore the authority of referees, deduct points in double figures, start closing grounds for several games and ban consistent offenders, both players and managers, for months rather than the odd game or two.

Drastic? Of course but football, is in need of major surgery to cure its incipient ailments, not the odd bit of casually applied sticking plaster accompanied by placebos and platitudes.

If anything requires a Levenson-style inquiry with the prospect of new regulations which necessitate statutory underpinning it is football.

Please, somebody blow the whistle.

Alan Hubbard is an award-winning sports columnist for The Independent on Sunday, and a former sports editor of The Observer. He has covered a total of 16 Summer and Winter Olympics, 10 Commonwealth Games, several football World Cups and world title fights from Atlanta to Zaire.

Andrew Warshaw: Football wasn't born in Qatar overnight just because of 2022

Andrew Warshaw ITGIt is just over two years since that momentous December day when Qatar stunned the footballing world by winning the race to stage the 2022 World Cup by a landslide.

At virtually every turn since, Hassan Al-Thawadi and his campaign team have had to cope with negative reporting about the methods used by the tiny Gulf state to achieve one of the most jaw-dropping results in the history of sports event bidding.

But if you think Al-Thawadi - the razor sharp, fast-talking English and American-educated lawyer who was, and still is, the public face of Qatar 2022 as he dashes round the world - is allowing all the whispers of suspicion, dirt digging and unproven allegations of corruption to halt Qatar's focus in its tracks, think again.

Sitting in his spotlessly clean yet surprisingly sparse office on the 37th floor of the downtown Doha building that houses both the burgeoning numbers of recruited 2022 World Cup staff and the Qatar Football Federation, Al-Thawadi concedes the criticism has been painful.

Hassan Al-Thawadi officeAl-Thawadi remains bemused by the scale of the backlash Qatar 2020 has received

Qatar may have spent big to get their message across and made mistakes along the way. But never having been proved to break any FIFA rules, Al-Thawadi remains bemused by the scale of the backlash and the number of misconceptions.

"There is no doubt the hurt is always going to be there," he explained.

"I welcome constructive criticism because, guess what, nobody's perfect.

"South Africa in 2010 was a great success on so many levels yet wasn't perfect.

"But if it's not constructive criticism all you can do is look at the glass as half full.

"I am learning about the school of hard knocks but all I am interested now is the future."

FIFA general secretary Jérôme Valcke's infamous leaked email suggesting last year that Qatar bought the World Cup set the ball rolling in terms of raising obvious questions over the bidding process and hardly helped the tiny Gulf state's cause.

Valcke's untimely comments were construed in different ways, however, with many seasoned observers reasoning that what he actually meant was that Qatar's huge marketing spend gave it a natural advantage over other 2022 contenders.

"You can look at virtually anything and draw inferences," Al-Thawadi argues.

"It's like the parody where six blind men are walking round an elephant and are asked to describe it. The point is, we know what we are doing and nothing will stop us. We have to keep our eyes on the ball. The minute we don't, people will say we can't deliver."

qatar blatter1Qatar were announced as the 2022 World Cup hosts in December 2010, becoming the first Arab, Middle Eastern or Muslim country to be awarded the right 

Despite the continuing picking away at Qatar's tactics, Al-Thawadi is determined to leave all the ill-feeling and negativity behind, however many times in the next few years the nation-building vision might take a hit.

Whether he likes it or not, however, the heat issue is unlikely to just disappear. Amid the growing clamour to switch the World Cup to the winter months, Al-Thawadi explains his personal thinking. "Look, it's very simple. We bid as a summer World Cup with cooling technology, [But] if the pillars of the football community come back to us and tell us winter or otherwise...then we will listen.

"But make no mistake, the cooling technology is a legacy concept. It opens up two thirds of the world to being able to enjoy their summers. Right now, the plan is still to hold the tournament in summer."

While the searing desert heat remains the main focus of the opposition camp, size comes a close second. The furthest distance between stadiums at 2022 is likely to be around 70 kilometres but Al-Thawadi doesn't see that as an issue either. The Olympics, he points out, stages 26 sports in one city. So, he argues, in the same way Qatar – half the size of Wales – will cope with millions of fans pouring into the country and snaking their way to the 12 stadiums, nine of which are being built from scratch starting in 2014.

He is not alone among key administrators in dismissing smallness as a problem. Sebastian Coe, the public face of London 2012, told the recent inaugural Doha Goals conference – aimed at using sport as a tool for positive change – that size did not necessarily matter and was certainly not an argument for knocking Qatar's success.

"It will be a mixture of the two," says Al-Thawadi. "It's a new concept, a bit like the Olympics but the feel will definitely be football. Fans will feel safe, they will feel secure, they will feel comfortable. They will also have a lot of fun. They will not only be physically cool; they will be cool in every sense."

Al Bidda TowerAl Bidda Tower is home to the Qatar 2022 Organising Committee

Pinned to a wall on a lower floor of the same building, known as the Al Bidda Tower, is a detailed planner outlining what is headed "Programme Wide Masterplan: Stage One Draft".

Al-Thawadi quickly intervenes to point out that this complex chart of diagrams and arrows is not for public consumption – except to certain staff and consultants already recruited.

But if anyone had any misgivings about Qatar's ability to pull off what many believe is mission impossible, this operational blueprint – covering infrastructure, stadium construction, environment, transport and a host of other organisational features – provides an immediate insight into the work that is already being carried out to bring the World Cup to the Gulf a decade from now.

As does the soon-to-be-released strategy document which covers, over 44 pages, the next three years, setting out operational goals and objectives of Qatar's programme during the initial 2012-2015 period. It's a complicated read but a useful exercise in ascertaining how out of the box, if you like, Qatar is thinking.

Legal and security committees have already been set up to provide crucial advice and feedback, all designed to create positive a impact and enhance the fan experience both at the stadiums and in entire neighbourhoods.

It seems a tall order, particular given Doha's ghastly traffic congestion with cars gridlocked at peak times and pretty bad throughout the rest of the day. One taxi driver told me that the problem was that everyone owned a car - and insisted on driving their own rather than sharing.

The horrendous jams, insists Al-Thawadi, will change completely once an entire metro and road network is constructed, with the first signs of the progress likely to be sometime in 2014. The combination of billions of dollars and fierce determination can go a long way.

"There is a significant amount of work that needs doing," concedes Al-Thawadi. "Tenders are already out for the first tunnelling phase but I look at it like a 400-metre race. Can you go flat out early? No. Can you build up to it slowly? No.

"It's a fine balancing act and the next 10 years are exactly like that. We are putting into place a decision-making process, up and down the chain, that is quick and efficient."

But what, I asked him, was Qatar going to do about its human rights record regarding migrant workers which is constantly questioned in the media and seems to be at odds with the vision of multiculturalism?

qtar 2022 constructionAl-Thawadi ensures that all construction contracts will have requirements that meet international standards

"This gets raised all the time and for me it's kind of strange because we have always said we are making a commitment towards the human and social elements which are very important," he responds. "In all constructions contracts there will be requirements that meet international standards."

Indeed, Al-Thawadi is fiercely proud of the legacy element that Qatar has promised. Last week's Doha Goals conference, pulling  together many of sports' leading decision makers and stakeholders, was a classic example of the passion being demonstrated to use sport as a tool for positive change, not just in Qatar but the entire region.

Much has been made already of the jaw-dropping Aspire Dome, the state-of-the-art multi-sport venue that is used both a training and coaching headquarters for aspiring young Qatari hopefuls and hand-picked African athletes being integrated into Qatari life, and as a conference centre to spread the message of positioning the oil-rich state as a true sporting hub.

Al-Thawadi insists Qatar's relentless quest to be taken seriously would have happened regardless of whether or not they won the right to stage the World Cup. Many punters had never heard of Qatar as a sporting destination prior to the bid but Al-Thawadi counters: "The World Cup might have been a catalyst but don't forget we have also bid for the Olympics and we've already hosted a string of major international sports events. Aspire got built years before the World Cup came on board. To dispel the myth very clearly, sport is within our DNA."

And football in particular. Al-Thawadi refutes the suggestion that Qatar doesn't deserve the World Cup because it has no footballing pedigree and has never qualified for the finals. "Football wasn't born here overnight just because of 2022. I don't buy the pedigree argument. Asia now has a strong standing in world football and it's not easy qualifying.

"Don't forget that in terms of club football Al-Sadd came from nowhere to win the AFC Champions League last year. That shows the pedigree is being built. Look how long it took Africa. We have only been in place since 1971 as a country."

Al-Sadd afc cahmpsQatar's leading club Al-Sadd won the AFC Champions League last year

Which is why the aspect of nation building is playing such a key role in 2022 planning, just as it did in South Africa in 2010. "We are perhaps on a scale no-one has seen before because the concept is not limited to the borders of Qatar and is about the entire Middle East," said Al-Thawadi. "We want the power of sport to break down stereotypical barriers."

But while the ideology might be for a Middle Eastern World Cup, Qatar has no intention of sharing the tournament with its neighbours. UEFA President Michel Platini, who has pushed through his plan for a pan-Continental European Championship in 2020, suggested recently that multiple hosting might also work for Qatar, the idea being to allow other Gulf states who could never stage the World Cup on their own to have a piece of the action.

But Al-Thawadi says this is not part of the grand plan and dismisses it outright. "It's not something that was part of our bid. For me it's a Qatari World Cup."

Which makes him even more determined to succeed, regardless of the tunnel vision he believes some of his critics may have. "When I look back - sleepless nights working on our final presentation and coming up with innovative concepts in our technical bid - I'm very proud of what we've done. After all, we were new to this whole industry; we didn't know anybody.

"When we won the bid on December 2, 2010, some of my closest non-Qatari friends rang me up in tears. Combining all the different cultures outweighs all the knocks we have taken. I have a pretty positive feeling that in time people will understand what we are trying to do too."

"We have a great concept and a great dream but the measure for me in terms of whether we are on the right path has always been commitment of the people and the operational staff who buy into the vision: people willing to work through thick and thin. That commitment is incredibly uplifting."

Andrew Warshaw is a former sports editor of The European, the newspaper that broke the Bosman story in the 1990s, the most significant issue to shape professional football as we know it today. Before that, he worked for the Associated Press for 13 years in Geneva and London. He is now the chief football reporter for insidethegames and insideworldfootball. Follow him on Twitter.

Mike Rowbottom: UK Sport - "Never mind the taking part, feel the medals..."

Duncan Mackay
Mike Rowbottom head and shouldersThe things they don't say. UK Sport: "It's all about taking part."

Any wild notions that, in the heady aftermath of the medal-rich London 2012 Games, the nation's elite funding regulators would kick back, take a chill pill and start talking about sport being all about enjoyment were brutally dismissed today as the new funding arrangements for Olympic and Paralympic competitors for the four-year cycle to the Rio 2016 Games were revealed.

On this occasion, they were literally revealed as eager UK Sport operatives stood ready to roll up the blinds on two display boards at either end of the press conference room within UK Sport's Russell Square HQ – and did so at the request of the redoubtable UK Sport chair, Baroness Sue Campbell.

Both the Olympic and Paralympic boards bore the headline "Mission 2016" – and that mission, it was soon confirmed, involved record investment of £347 million ($563 million/€427 million) to support Britain's Olympians and Paralympians to Rio and beyond, representing an overall increase from the London Games cycle of 11 per cent and targeting the high ambition of ensuring Britain became the first nation in recent Games history to better both its Olympic and Paralympic medal totals in the wake of hosting the event.

Rio 2016 with Christ the RedeemerUK Sport have set Team GB the target of winning more medals at Rio 2016 than they did at London 2012

Inevitably, there was a downside, as Campbell's early warning – "We had to ensure that every penny we invested in elite sport would produce the results that the public and our nation expected...it wasn't about being popular..." – had indicated.

For four Olympic sports – basketball, volleyball, handball and table tennis - it was more a case of Missin' 2016 as they were dropped from the main list of recipients. Meanwhile swimming and boxing were offered one-year deals on the understanding that they sorted out their governance – or in boxing's case, compliance – tout suite.

Hugh Robertson, Minister for Sport, declared himself "very relaxed" about the general position outlined.

"There is not a lot of point at this level funding teams who are not going to qualify for the Olympics," he said after the main press conference, "because the evidence of this summer is that what people like seeing is a successful Team GB. For all that we have more money available in the pot than we had before, we still need to make hard choices.

"So would you want to fund basketball teams, which are expensive, if they have no chance of qualifying for Rio, would you want to fund them and then take the money away from a cyclist or a rower who has a good chance of getting a medal?

"There isn't an endless pipeline. You have to make tough decisions. The evidence from this summer is that the British public like to see us winning, so they want us to back those who are going to win.

"If you have no potential of getting into the top eight in your Olympic sport you will not attract UK Sport funding, but that does not mean you will not attract Sport England funding, . And I am very relaxed about that.

"Where people have plans where they can demonstrate that they have real potential to participation, Sport England, will fund them. And there is now a proper talent pathway that leads up to the area where UK Sport could start funding. I think this is the first time this has ever happened."

Hugh Robertson with Team GB membersSports Minister Hugh Robertson backs UK Sport's "no compromise" approach

Robertson added that he had spent two and a half hours 10 days earlier in company with Campbell, UK Sport chief executive Liz Nicholl and Jennie Price, chief executive of Sport England, going through every sport and checking its suitability for UK Sport, and then Sport England funding.

"We made sure in those conversations that the talent pathways coming out of Sport England would join up with UK Sport funding," he said, before insisting that the new targets announced for Rio 2016 were "realistic".

Robertson maintained: "Casting our minds back to pre-London, it was looking extraordinary if we were going to do better than in Beijing. The main London target was just to get one more medal than in Beijing. That worked out very well.

"If you look at where we are now there are very few sports, when you analyse it, where you can see a reason for a huge fall-off in performance, and there are quite a few sports where we could very reasonably do better in Rio than we have done in London, so it's on that basis.

"When you go through it sport-by-sport, you can see the four or five sports that underperformed in London, and if we can get them back up in time for Rio it is perfectly reasonable to think that we might do better.

"None of those previous host cities invested as we plan to in the next Games.  That is the first mistake that we haven't made."

Robertson is currently engaged in trying to smooth the way for the creation of the proposed British Sports Marketing bureau, which Sir Keith Mills is hoping to launch early next year with the intention of levering private sponsorship for Olympic and Paralympic sports to supplement their current revenue streams from the Treasury and National Lottery ticket sales.

Sir Keith  Mills in front of BT logoSir Keith Mills is currently spearheading a new project to help raise sponsorship for some of Britain's smaller Olympic sports

The Sports Minister is currently trying to engage football, rugby league, rugby union, tennis and cricket in a project which is primarily aimed at benefitting less commercially huge Olympic and Paralympic sports.

"I've written to the professional sports this week," he said "It is wrong for all this purely to rely on public funding. The best possible way of doing this is to try and get all the sports together.

"Cycling obviously has its own arrangements with Sky, but we will try to do what we can to bring them on board. Frankly, if you are an Olympic sport I do find it hard to understand why you wouldn't want to make use of a man with the expertise of Sir Keith Mills.

"Athletics wants to do it all in house at the moment. But take your own view on this – would you rather have your sponsorship negotiated by an in-house team at UK Athletics or would you rather have Sir Keith Mills, a man who pulled in over £700 million ($1.1 billion/€860 million) to London?"

Robertson accepts that sports such as football will always want to retain the right to negotiate their own commercial rights, and that the big professional legions will also be keen to ensure no new group bargaining starts treading on their toes. But he remains optimistic.

"Am I absolutely certain that we will wrap this up? No. Am I reasonably comfortable? Yes. I am 100 per cent committed to the idea."

But whether the income stream is swelled by a new, private tributary or not, the Government – through UK Sport – has set an unprecedented course for ever greater tangible achievement at the Games.

The bubble is going to have to get bigger and bigger. Can you imagine which Government will want to announce that the record total of 758 British Olympic and Paralympic medals at the most recent Games cannot realistically be bettered, and that funding will be cut by 25 per cent accordingly. Not a big vote-winner, is it?

Robertson, grinning as he is probably very entitled to do, makes the point that the most recent successes were bedded in his party's decision two years ago to increase the cut which sport got from the National Lottery – a position which, he adds, was opposed by the Opposition.

"There isn't going to be a great new dollop of funding that is suddenly going to materialise," he said. "If you were to go back to sport getting 13.7 per cent out of the Lottery and not the 20 per cent it gets at the moment that would create a hole – you work out the chances of it being filled."

There are, of course, no guarantees in perpetuity.

"I'm a bit like the curator in a country house," Robertson concluded. "All I can do is look after it as best I can for the length of time that I'm in charge and hand it over in the best possible condition."

It has to be said that, as plans go in to extend both the west and the east wing, the country pile is looking in a very good state of repair right now.

Mike Rowbottom, one of Britain's most talented sportswriters, covered the London 2012 Olympics and Paralympics as chief feature writer for insidethegames, having covered the previous five summer Games, and four winter Games, for The Independent. He has worked for the Daily Mail, The Times, The Observer, the Sunday Correspondent and The Guardian.

Emily Goddard: From East to West, Istanbul makes the best of both worlds

Emily Goddard
emily goddard finaBeing able to look across the water to see both Europe and Asia is really quite something, and it couldn't be in a more appropriate city than Istanbul. With its Bosphorus bridges connecting the two continents, the northwestern Turkish city is transcontinental not only in terms of geography, but also with regards to its rich and fascinating history – it is nothing short of a melting pot of cultures and traditions.

On the one hand, you have Sultanahmet or the Old City, which is steeped in heritage and home to the breathtaking Sultan Ahmed Mosque – or the Blue Mosque as it is widely referred to, the vast labyrinth that is the Topkapı Palace and the epitome of Byzantine architecture Hagia Sophia.

Sultan Ahmed MosqueIstanbul's outstanding Sultan Ahmed Mosque

This outstanding area, formally Constantinople, is a feast for the eyes with its sensational Ottoman architecture and Byzantium relics – most recently made famous by the latest James Bond movie Skyfall, which features some of its most iconic landmarks, including the Blue Mosque, the Grand Bazaar and Eminönü Square.

Indeed, the area received a shining endorsement from Bond himself, with starring actor Daniel Craig declaring that Istanbul provides "an incredible backdrop to any movie". Naturally, the rumour mill is now awash with talk of the English actor supporting Istanbul's 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Games bid in person at the International Olympic Committee (IOC) Session in Buenos Aires in September next year, when the 2020 host city will be decided out of the three bidders of Istanbul, Madrid and Tokyo.

A must-visit destination for tourists and history buffs alike nonetheless, this ancient world is poles apart from the metropolitan area of Istanbul. The commercial districts of the city are vibrant with lights, populated by middle class professionals and cosmopolitan to say the least. In fact, these parts are so western that there is even a Marks and Spencer.

istnabulIstanbul is known as the cosmopolitan heart of Turkey

Diverse the city may be but the one thing that is universal throughout Istanbul is the friendliness of the Turkish people and their hospitality is second to none. Always very welcoming and eager to help, these characteristics ensured I had a fantastic stay in the city, as I am sure anyone else would.

So, let's get to the point – is Istanbul ready to host the 2020 Olympics and Paralympics it is bidding for?

My first instinct is to say yes.

Perhaps most importantly, Turkey has an undying passion for sport. This I witnessed for myself at the 2012 FINA World Short Course Championships at the Sinan Erdem Arena in Istanbul. The crowd was alive with the excitement to be hosting the event and locals from the old to the very young were desperate to get a piece of the action – I was talking to Bertrand Le Clos, father of South African swimmer Chad, and three young girls came up to ask if it was really him. They couldn't believe it when I confirmed that it was and they begged for photos with him, being the avuncular chap he is, he, of course, obliged, grinning from ear to ear for photos will his fans.

The nations hosting credentials to date are pretty impressive too.

Turkey has hosted more than 40 major events in the last seven years, many of them in Istanbul leading it to be named the 2012 European Capital of Sport.

Sinan Erdem Arena serena williamsIstanbul's Sinan Erdem Arena played host Serena Williams' WTA Championships victory

Most recently, it hosted the 2012 Women's Tennis Association (WTA) Championships at the same venue that the World Swimming Championships are taking place. But how did the athletes play tennis in a swimming pool I here you say. Well that is the wonder of this modular arena. After playing host to American Serena Williams' WTA Championships victory this winter, it was transformed into an elite swimming arena, complete with demountable pool – a process that took just seven days.

I challenge you not to be impressed by that.

Two weeks prior to hosting the world's top eight women's tennis players, Turkey also welcomed Rory McIlroy and Tiger Woods as they competed at the Turkish Airlines World Golf Final.

With the Intercontinental Istanbul Eurasia Marathon and the FINA World Swimming Championships also taking place in the country, Istanbul officials believe they are more than living up to expectations.

"Istanbul continues to prove itself as a trusted host city for international sporting events," said Istanbul 2020's bid leader, Hasan Arat. "This year alone, the city has hosted numerous major sporting competitions – demonstrating that it is a city that is not only passionate about sport, but one with proven experience in providing the optimal athletic conditions for Olympic-standard athletes to perform."

turkish liraMoody's Investors Service raised Turkey's national credit rating in June

Now onto the hot topic of the day. Money. Not a problem for Turkey it would seem. The nation is now widely viewed as an emerging financial power, which was strengthened by Moody's Investors Service raising the country's national credit rating in June. The move coincided with a session at the St Petersburg Economic Forum entitled "Turkey's Shifting Investment Flows", where industry panellists applauded the sustainable growth of Turkey's economy, measured at 8.5 per cent last year.

Moody's claimed a significant improvement in Turkey's public finances as a reason for raising its sovereign credit rating and it was also positive about future trends for the country's economy in its statement, saying that "the drivers that led to today's rating upgrade will continue to improve the country's fiscal and macroeconomic resilience".

Another credit ratings agency, Fitch, also rates Turkey one notch below investment grade at BB+, while Standard & Poor's rates it a rung lower at BB.

"Turkey has one of the fastest growing economies anywhere, with great demographics," said Stephen Peel, the managing partner of TPG Capital and the former executive director of Goldman Sachs International in Europe.

So there you have it. In these uncertain economic times, this must deliver quite a significant boost to Istanbul 2020.

Now for the cons. Well, I have just one. Traffic.

bosphorosConstruction on a third multi-billion pound Third Bosphorus Bridge will begin next year

There is no denying that Istanbul has a slight issue here, however serious work is being done to remedy it, with record-breaking investments being ploughed in to the transport infrastructure to eliminate congestion in the coming years.

For example, in August the city opened the first metro line on the Asian side of the city, and a proposal for a new tunnel beneath the Bosphorus – a crucial third crossing point – was ratified; construction will begin next year.

The commitment to this modernised transport network means in 2020 a city of nearly 13 million people will be able to offer Olympic and Paralympic athletes average travel times of just 20 minutes. Problem solved indeed.

After just a short while spent in Istanbul, I can see that it is ready and passionate to host the 2020 Olympics and Paralympics. But don't just take my word for it. Some of sport's most highly respected figures have come out with shining praise for the Turkish city.

Back in July, Olympic swimming legend Mark Spitz of the United States, said he "was lending his support to Istanbul" when he competed in the Cross-continental Race in the city.

Mark Spitz istanbulMark Spitz backed Istanbul 2020 earlier in the year

And just last week, Istanbul's hosting of the FINA World Short Course Championships received major global acclaim, with the likes of Bob Bowman – coach to the most decorated Olympian of all time, America's Michael Phelps – going so far as to endorse the Turkish city's 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Games bid. "There is no doubt that Istanbul has a real appetite and passion for international sports events and I am convinced that this iconic city would make an outstanding host of the Olympic Games," Bowman said.

But it was FINA vice-president and former USA Swimming President Dale Neuburger who was so confident in Turkey's capabilities that he told me personally: "There is no question that Istanbul is ready to host the Olympics." I can't argue with that.

Out of Madrid, Tokyo and Istanbul, I think you know which my money is going on.

Emily Goddard is subeditor at insidethegames

Mike Rowbottom: BBC's SPOTY has embarrassment of riches – but which way will public vote?

Mike RowbottomNever has the BBC Sports Personality of the Year award been so super-stocked with glorious protagonists as this year.

Perhaps the best way of indicating the embarrassment of riches upon which the Great British Public will adjudicate this weekend is the following fact: In 1997, Greg Rusedski was voted BBC Sports Personality of the Year having finished runner-up in the US Open Championship; in 2012 Andy Murray, having become not just the first British male winner of a Grand Slam since 1936, but also an Olympic gold medallist at a home Games, is not favourite to win the award.

Bookmakers William Hill have Murray as merely fourth favourite to pick up the big prize at London's ExCel tomorrow at 12/1 behind  Jessica Ennis (7/1), Mo Farah (13-2) and the odds-on favourite Bradley Wiggins (2/7). Ladbrokes' odds look even less comforting for the Scotsman as Ennis's move up to second favourite with Farah at 13/2 has pushed him down to 16/1.

Glorious times indeed. (Sorry, Andy...)

Of course, the bookies are not always right. Ryan Giggs was a surprise winner in 2009 ahead of Formula 1 world champion Jenson Button and Ennis, who had won the world heptathlon title. Three years earlier Zara Phillips took the award when most people thought it was destined for golfer Darren Clarke, the 1-6 favourite.

Andy Murray of Great Britain London 2012Andy Murray defeated Roger Federer to take the London 2012 men's singles gold medal

That is the abiding fascination of the event – which way will the Great British Public jump? And if any more evidence was required of that public's variability in such matters, it has been provided this week by two surveys conducted respectively by Plusnet, the phone broadband provider, and BT.

Plusnet's study of 2,000 people to measure British pride in this year's home sporting success drew evidence that the public, while being proud of Murray (57 per cent mentioned him, seven per cent more than mentioned David Beckham) and even prouder of Wiggins (70 per cent mention) was proudest of all of Ennis, who was cited by 75 per cent of those surveyed.

(Just to make you feel better, Andy, politicians were way off the back, with just one in 10 - 11 per cent - people saying they are proud of the decision-makers in Westminster).

The BT Moments campaign, in which people were invited to vote via Twitter and the BT website, was based on the central question: What was your most memorable moment of the London 2012 Olympics and Paralympics?

The response was interesting - and I'm afraid there's more bad news for you here, Andy. Neither you nor Wiggins made the top 10. The top London 2012 moment voted for was Jade Jones winning Britain's first taekwondo gold and celebrating by throwing her head-gear into the air.

Greg Searle Johnny Searle and Gary Herbert of Great Britain 1992 Barcelona GamesGreg Searle won gold with brother Johnny Searle (centre) and Gary Herbert (rigjt) of Great Britain 1992 Barcelona Games

One man who had his own personal moment to treasure from the London 2012 Games was Greg Searle, a BT Ambassador, who won the second Olympic rowing medal of his career at the age of 40, in the men's eight, two decades after winning gold in the coxed pairs along with his brother Jonny in the 1992 Barcelona Games.

But that was not the highlight for Searle.

"When I was 20, definitely the Moment would have been me winning the gold in Barcelona," he told insidethegames.

"But my Moment from London 2012 was not the winning of an Olympic bronze. It came at the Closing Ceremony when I heard Seb Coe saying that when the time came, we did it right – and I saw a banner in the crowd which said: 'Thank you London – Well Organised.'

"That was the moment when I just went 'Wow'.  It felt great to have played a part in something which affected not just me and my family and friends, but so many other people – the volunteers, the people in the stands, the people watching all over the world on TV.

"But as the BT poll shows, there were lots and lots of moments which registered during the 2012 Games. Everybody had their own different experiences from it."

Great Britain mens eight rowingSearle was one of the oldest members of the gold medal winning Great British men's eight rowing team

That said, Searle treasures the achievement of winning his second Olympic medal, even if it was not the colour he and his colleagues - who staked all on a monumental effort but ultimately unsuccessful effort to get away from the German world champions and then let Canada past them in their exhaustion -  had so desperately desired.

"I don't even like letting the words out of my mouth, but we were the second best crew behind the Germans, who had beaten us in the previous year's World Championships," Searle said.

"We gave everything on that one day to see if we could beat them, and in the end we were grateful we managed to hang on to get a medal.

"I didn't like the fact that we were half a length down on the Germans, but I was very glad we were inches ahead of the United States and the Netherlands. I knew from the 2000 Olympics, when I came fourth in the pairs with Ed Coode, the difference between getting a medal and just missing out.

Richard Egington Mohamed Sbihi and Greg Searle of Great BritainRichard Egington, Mohamed Sbihi and Greg Searle of Great Britain

"It was lovely to be at the Molesey Boat Club dinner recently and to hear my Olympic team-mate Mo Sbihi talking about his experience of winning Olympic bronze in the eight. He said that when he was given the medal he would almost love to have dropped it in the lake.

"But now it is his dearest possession. Now he realises that the chance to win an Olympic medal is not something which comes up often."

Nor indeed does the chance to win the BBC SPOTY award. And this year, even a bronze medal placing will be a matter for extreme pride.

Mike Rowbottom, one of Britain's most talented sportswriters, covered the London 2012 Olympics and Paralympics as chief feature writer for insidethegames, having covered the previous five summer Games, and four winter Games, for The Independent. He has worked for the Daily Mail, The Times, The Observer, the Sunday Correspondent and The Guardian.

David Owen: The Greenwich legacy story – and why it might be worth reading from Rio to Nanjing

David Owen newGreenwich, I always thought, was supposed to be the venue with no legacy.

The Borough's magnificent park, I understood, was supposed to be left unaltered, as if the London 2012 equestrian competitions had never taken place there.

So it came as a bit of a surprise to be told about a report entitled, "A 2012 Legacy for Royal Greenwich".

Still more to find that it runs to 59 pages.

Part of the explanation, though only a small part, is that the Borough actually had three Olympic competition venues: the O2 (or "North Greenwich Arena", in Olympic guise) and Royal Artillery Barracks, as well as the famous park.

I was also left with the feeling that everything conceivable had been crammed in, with some inclusions having little if anything to do with Olympic legacy.

Crossrail, for example, might well be, as the report says, "London's first new railway for over 20 years".

I can even remember it being claimed, years ago, that it might be vital to a London Olympic bid's chances of success.

But, given that it is now only, in the report's words, "scheduled to become operational in 2018", I think it is stretching things to claim it as part of anyone's London 2012 legacy.

Greenwich Park London 2012Controversy surrounded turning Greenwich Park, which is part of the Greenwich World Heritage Site, into a temporary sporting venue for London 2012

Having made those points, I must say I found the document a real eye-opener.

It is the Borough's own report and it would be interesting to know how effective local residents feel its efforts have been.

Nonetheless, I was left with a clear impression of a local administration that woke up very early to the possibilities of what the Olympic experience could be used to achieve on its territory and was able to piece together a number of worthwhile initiatives – using joined-up Government and contributions from all sorts of outside partners - as a result.

I can see how the controversy over turning the park into a temporary sports venue might have given Councillors a special motivation to ensure that Greenwich's Olympic legacy was as worthwhile as possible.

Greenwich Park London 2012 equestrianGreenwich was the centre of worldwide attention when it successfully hosted the equestrian during London 2012

But this seems an impressively-assembled gift-horse and it would be churlish to look it too closely in the mouth.

Some examples:

I was impressed by the multi-faceted approach adopted in the bid to transform Hornfair Park, a run-down space in a deprived part of the Borough.

As outlined in the report, it has been redeveloped into a so-called "sports hub", including a BMX track using soil donated from the Olympic Park site.

This track was used in May for the inaugural London Youth Games BMX event.

Funding from the London Marathon Trust enabled new changing facilities to be built adjacent to sports pitches, while tennis courts were redeveloped with the help of the Lawn Tennis Association (LTA).

A 1930s lido has also received much-needed investment.

Sportathlon - a mass participation event for primary-school kids that was established as long ago as 2006 - looks to be another worthwhile idea that has become part of the local fabric.

I was also impressed by the way Greenwich seems to have planned well in advance to exploit its weeks in the global spotlight to provide a long-term boost to tourism, making the most of its nautical heritage via initiatives involving tall ships and the cruise ship industry, as well as by endeavouring to promote the Borough as "a destination in its own right".

Given the proximity and scale of the London 2012 project, some might feel that the £28 million ($45 million/€35 million) of contracts directly linked to the Games secured by Greenwich companies was a disappointingly low total.

Even here, though, the Borough did its best to make the most of its rare Olympic opportunity by forging ties with Cisco Systems, the networking equipment giant that was a London 2012 sponsor, and with expansion-minded businesses from China, host of the 2008 Games.

On the jobs front, the Borough appears to have made huge efforts to help residents equip themselves to take advantage of Olympic and other employment opportunities.

Hornfair Park BMX trackHornfair Park was transformed into a BMX track last year as part of Greenwich Council's Playground to Podium legacy programme

Once again, this involved considerable forward planning.

Given the extent of these efforts, the number of people helped into anything resembling permanent employment looks soberingly low to me.

Then again, the United Kingdom economy has been in poor shape for some years now and even if the overall number of long-term job berths is rather small, the potential effect on the lives of those who have benefited is far greater than having a better neighbourhood football pitch to play on or a nearby statue of the goddess Nike to stare at.

The report covers a lot more ground and goes into considerable detail.

Though obviously local in nature, I would judge it well worth a read by administrators in any locality with ambitions to host a big international sports event in the next few years.

Not everything Greenwich tried will be transferable; but the document should serve as a useful case study and might well spark other ideas.

It is available here.

David Owen worked for 20 years for the Financial Times in the United States, Canada, France and the UK. He ended his FT career as sports editor after the 2006 World Cup and is now freelancing, including covering the 2008 Beijing Olympics, the 2010 World Cup and London 2012. Owen's Twitter feed can be accessed here.

Tom Degun: Why Alex Zanardi should be the 2012 BBC Overseas Sports Personality of the Year

Tom Degun ITG2When the 2012 BBC Overseas Sports Personality of the Year is announced at ExCeL in London this weekend, there are unlikely to be any major surprises.

The great Jamaican sprinter Usain Bolt appears favourite to take the accolade for a third time after he picked it up in 2008 and 2009. He would, of course, be a worthy winner having picked-up three gold medals at London 2012 in the 100 and 200 metres as well as the 4x100m relay to repeat his heroic feat from Beijing 2008.

Another of the leading contenders is American swimming icon Michael Phelps, who claimed six medals at London 2012 to take his overall Olympic medal tally to 22 to become the most decorated Olympian of all time.
 
usain-bolt-2012Usain Bolt is favourite to win 2012 BBC Overseas Sports Personality of the Year

Amongst the chasing pack are likely to be footballers Lionel Messi and Cristiano Ronaldo, Formula One world champion Sebastian Vettel, tennis queen Serena Williams and another American swimmer in the form of Missy Franklin.

But one stellar athlete that I feel is likely to get overlooked for the prestigious prize is double Paralympic hand cycling champion Alex Zanardi, whose road to glory at London 2012 is far more remarkable than any other I have seen.

To quickly recap - the Italian was a top motor racing driver best known for his exploits in Formula One. He later switched to CART, where he was named Champ Racing Rookie of the Year, and had another stint at Formula One before returning to CART once again in 2000.

It was a year later, on September 15, 2001, that the accident that would define him occurred.

Racing at the EuroSpeedway Lausitz track in Germany, Zanardi was leading in the closing laps. After a late pit stop, he attempted to merge back onto the track when lost control and spun into the path of Canada's Alex Tagliani.

His car smashed into the side of Zanardi's vehicle, severing the nose of the car in a sickening collision. Upon impact, Zanardi lost both legs (one at and one above the knee) as well as nearly three-quarters of his blood volume.
 
zanardi crashAlex Zanardi managed to survive a horrendous accident at the EuroSpeedway Lausitz in 2001 but lost both legs

It was only rapid medical intervention that saved his life and he was rushed to a nearby hospital where further portions of his legs were amputated during three hours of surgery to clean and facilitate closing the wounds.

After several days, Zanardi was fitted with two prosthetic limbs and he began an ambitious rehabilitation programme, which amazingly saw him begin racing again with the aid of hand-operated brake and accelerator controls.

In a brave move, he returned to the EuroSpeedway Lausitz track to complete the final 13 laps at the circuit that had nearly killed him in 2001 and in 2004, he returned to racing full-time, driving for the BMW Team Italy-Spain in the FIA European Touring Car Championship. A year later, he won his first World Series race since his accident and it was not long after that he decided to take up the sport of  hand-cycling to keep fit.

He proved rather good at it and decided to enter competitions. A fourth place finish at the 2007 New York City Marathon after only four weeks of training showed him that he could become a major player in the sport and he decided to set his ambitions higher; targeting a place on the Italian cycling team at the London 2012 Paralympic Games.

Having booked his spot at the Games, the London 2012 venue for his sport was ironically announced as Brands Hatch racing circuit, where Zanardi had raced thousands of laps in his motor car.
 
Alex Zanardi 140313Alex Zanardi took up handcycling as a way to keep fit following his accident

I met up with the Italian at the racing circuit near Sevenoaks in Kent shortly before the start of the Games where he was training for the Paralympics.

The instantly likeable Zanardi told me there of his Paralympic ambitions.

"Technically, I think a medal is possible," he said with a knowing smile.

"If I give everything I have and keep training as hard as I can, I think I have a chance to end up with a good result."

At the time, it seemed unlikely.

But the fairy tale miraculously came true.

Zanardi created international headlines as he two gold medals the individual H4 time trial and the individual H4 road race followed by a silver medal in the mixed H1-4 team relay.

All this he did while making his Paralympic debut at the ripe old age of 45.

I remember well Zanardi's famous pose as he lifted his racing hand cycle shortly he crossed the line. And I also remember his emotional speech after he claimed the most magnificent of victories.
 
zanardi handcycleAlex Zanardi created international headlines by winning two gold medals at a silver at the London 2012 Paralympics

"This is a great accomplishment, one of the greatest of my life," he said "I worked very hard to get here and it was great to live such an experience at 45. When you are 20, you appreciate medals. When you are 40, you appreciate what you do every day.

"I have been really lucky to experience Formula One and motor racing. I didn't realise at the time, but I do realise now what a fantastic time of my life that was. And it is great to live it again here at 45. I am a lucky person."

A lucky person yes - but more than that an inspirational person who provided the comeback of all comebacks at London 2012.

Sadly the Italian is very likely to be overlooked for the 2012 BBC Overseas Sports Personality of the Year.

But how wonderful it would be, on the biggest stage, to see Zanardi clutching the famous silver trophy of which he could not be more deserving.

Tom Degun is a reporter for insidethegames

Alan Hubbard: British Skating is on precariously thin ice

Emily Goddard
Alan HubbardAfter Britain's glorious Olympic and Paralympic summer it now seems we could be in for a Winter Games of discontent. Prospects for Sochi 2014 seem to be very much as they have been since Jayne Torvill and Christopher Dean glided off into the sunset in the nineties. Just bits and bobs.

There isn't the likelihood of a skier or a figure skater getting anywhere near the rostrum. Even curling, in which Britain's women won the nation's first Winter Olympics gold medal in 18 years at Salt Lake City in 2002, is desperate need of a rink renaissance.

Helter-skeltering down the ice tube on the bob skeleton again looks to be the best route.

Bath's Amy Williams, who became the only British gold medallist at the last Winter Games in Vancouver in 2010, has retired but at 31, the redoubtable silver-medallist of Turin 2006, Shelley Rudman is bang on form again, having just won a World Cup event in which promising teammate Lizzie Yarnold was fourth.

Elise Christie at the ISU World Short Track Speed Skating ChampionshipsElise Christie at the ISU World Short Track Speed Skating Championships

And Scotland's Elise Christie is currently the world number one in short track speed skating.

That's the good news. The bad is that otherwise British Skating, which still trades on the golden memories of John Curry, Robin Cousins and T and D, had all but vanished through a hole in the ice.

The days when Britons ruled the ice rinks of the world are long gone.

The perfect six appeal of T and D may to some still seem a load of old Bolero but it engrossed the nation with one of the biggest-ever television audiences for a sports event, just short of 24 million.

Previously the balletic brilliance of Curry and the sequinned skills of Cousins had seen Britain revel in a golden ice decade.

Alas, subsequently the sport has been skating on the precariously thin substance.

If confirmation of this was needed it came with the news last year that the skating academy at Nottingham's National Ice Centre, where T and D  first began their quickstep to stardom, had to stop exclusive coaching of ice dancers due to cost and a lack of top class coaches.

John CurryJohn Curry was Britain's first figure skating gold medallist since Jeannette Altwegg in 1952

While sporting success often goes in cycles (Curry was Britain's first figure skating gold medallist since Jeannette Altwegg in 1952), the sport has clearly failed to build on its past achievements. Even today 50,000 youngsters follow "learn to skate" programmes every year, yet only 150 take up the sport seriously, one reason being the yearly closure of ice rinks which in  the past decade has topped double figures.

But the sad truth is that, for whatever reason, Britain's elite skaters are simply not good enough.

Lack of success has put the sport at the bottom of the pile for funding handouts from UK Sport – it no longer gets any and putative skating stars say this Catch 22 situation means they do not have the means to make the progress they need to challenge the world's best from Eastern Europe, the Far East and North America.

Lack of television exposure means that British skaters are relatively unknown to the sporting public. How many would recognise Britain's leading individual skater – or have even heard of her?

Yet 26-year-old Jenna McCorkell, from Northern Ireland, has just won a record tenth British title in 11 years. But she is unlikely to get into the top ten at the World Championships in London, Ontario, in March. She finished 14th in the last World Championships.

Jenna McCorkellJenna McCorkell is a ten-times British figure skating champion

Equally, anonymous are Britain's top pairs skaters, Stacey Kemp and David King. Such is the shortage of quality skaters here that when they retained their national title this year they were unopposed, and have yet to acquire the scores they need to qualify for the World Championships.

As does the three times men's champion Matt Parr, 22, from Dundee.

Philadelphia-based ice dancers, Penny Coomes and Nick Buckland, who were fourth in the Europeans in one section in Sheffield earlier this year and dropped to sixth overall are probably the most promising, but they, too, have little hope of world or Olympic medals.

Yet recreational skating remains as popular as ever with school-age kids, especially at this time of year with the opening of temporary seasonal rinks in city arcades and shopping centres.

Plus the escalating popularity of ITV's Dancing on Ice, which starts a seventh series next month featuring Torvill and Dean as mentors to celebrities - among whom this time I can reveal will be a fellow Olympic gold medal winner: the 2012 featherweight boxing champion Luke Campbell, together with former world champion gymnast Beth Tweddle.

T and D say they hope the show will one day lead to Britain producing successors to themselves.

torvilleanddeanJayne Torvill and Christopher Dean feature as mentors to the celebrities on ITV's Dancing on Ice

"Since Chris and I retired from competitive skating there has always been a hope that someone would follow in our footsteps to give the sport the boost it needs," Torvill, 55, told me. "The more people that take it up, the better the chance of developing potential Olympic champions. Our TV show has helped in this respect because people have seen how celebrities who can't skate finally end up looking quite good, and that encourages kids to get on the ice themselves.

"When we did the first show in our opening series people started flooding into ice rinks all over the country and in some cases they were running out of skates."

The duo won Olympic gold at Sarajevo 1984 and bronze at Lillehammer 1994 but no Briton has won an Olympic figure skating medal since.

"I guess some people would say we should lead that new generation to some extent, and we most probably would - if we were asked to," says Dean, 54.

Yet the National Ice Skating Association (NISA) has said it was open to talks with them for "a higher profile" role within skating (even though remarkably they do not hold coaching qualifications) but so far, it hasn't worked out.

Roles available to Torvill and Dean with the British programme would range from mentoring the likes of Buckland and Coomes and acting as figureheads for a drive to increase participation in the sport.

Penny Coomes and Nick BucklandPenny Coomes and Nick Buckland have little hope of world or Olympic medals

But Keith Horton, the association's general secretary has said he does not think their expertise could be easily harnessed. "We'd never turn the opportunity down, but Chris doesn't live here anymore. They'll give time if they're available but they're so extremely busy. It's a nightmare trying to get half an hour with them."

But Dean, who lives in Colorado Springs, maintains: "We are around, and we are available – it just doesn't happen." However as they are being paid £250,000 ($403,000/€310,000) for every Dancing on Ice series the priorities are obvious.

With the retirement of Scottish brother and sister act John and Sinead Kerr, youngsters Buckland and Coomes, both 22, who finished 20th on their Olympic debut at Vancouver 2010 and 16th in the Worlds, are now Britain's leading duo in an event Torvill and Dean once dominated.

They train with Russian coach Evgeny Platov, a former Olympic ice dance gold medallist, in Philadelphia, but in common with other Britons receive no Lottery funding

Governing body NISA believes Buckland and Coomes are "on track to be in the medal zone in 2018".

Alas, terrestrial television coverage of ice skating has all but frozen over, yet it was once a mainstay of winter schedules. Indeed, between 1976 and 1984 ice skaters won the BBC Sports Personality of the Year award three times through Curry, Cousins and Torvill and Dean.

"It's sad to see the financial aid isn't there," says Dean. "Figure skating in the UK has peaks and troughs and we're in a trough at the moment." So, to paraphrase Noel Coward for mums of skating prodigies: Don't put your daughter on the ice, Ms Worthington...put her on the beams, the bars, a bike or even in the boxing ring.

Otherwise, she'll end up a frozen asset.

Alan Hubbard is an award-winning sports columnist for The Independent on Sunday, and a former sports editor of The Observer. He has covered a total of 16 Summer and Winter Olympics, 10 Commonwealth Games, several football World Cups and world title fights from Atlanta to Zaire.

Jim Cowan: Sport England London 2012 legacy figures are beyond belief

Duncan Mackay
Jim Cowan head and shouldersI have visited the sorry tale of the absent Olympic sports participation legacy on numerous occasions over the last couple of years. Absent or bad strategy, undelivered promises and political finger crossing have been the key elements of the tale to date, to which we can now add barely believable data...

Last week Sport England released the latest set of Active People statistics which, somewhat surprisingly, were reported by the media without question.

Yet, to anyone taking even a passing glance the figures are barely credible. It would appear that having been unable to generate the increase in sporting participation promised by our politicians when winning the London 2012 Games bid, the solution has been to simply massage the data to match the promise.

Officially 750,000 more people over the age of 16 are taking part in sport at least once a week compared to 12 months ago. Surely this is good news? Well, yes, it would be if it were believable.

The headline figure offered by Sport England's expensive Active People survey is 15.5 million over 16s regularly - once per week - taking part in sport.

Put that figure another way and it tells us that Sport England want us to believe that one in three over 16s in England regularly participate in sport. Seriously? Take a look around you - friends, work colleagues, family, neighbours - one in every three are playing sport regularly, that is what we are being asked to believe.

I can only speak for myself and, for me, that claim beggars belief. That the media accept it unquestioningly astonishes me. That the politicians who fund this expensive survey believe it continues to offer value for money - if it ever did -astounds me.

One in three. Take another look around you. Not one in three under 30s or under 40s, but 33 per cent of all over 16s in England.

Active People cyclingOne in three people in England now play sport, according to figures released last week

It appears the solution for successive Governments poor sports development strategy has been introduced. Just make the figures up to fit the promise. And why not, it appears no one cares enough to check anyway.

We still lack a properly integrated national strategy for the development of sport. Young people are still missing out on learning physical literacy at the key age/stage of development and we are still missing any target by which success (or failure) of government policy can be judged.

But, take a look around you, one in three of your neighbours are playing sport regularly (ahem) so everything in the garden must be rosy.

Jim Cowan is a former athlete, coach, event organiser and sports development specialist who is the founder of Cowan Global, a company specialising in consultancy, events and education and training. For more details click here.

David Owen: Will Platini's Euro 2020 experiment have a bearing on the race to succeed Sepp Blatter?

Emily Goddard
David Owen ITGSome thoughts on Euro 2020:

● Yes, a 24-team tournament is too unwieldy for most European countries to take on; but it is simplistic to suggest that this alone forced UEFA's hand, necessitating the adoption of Michel Platini's Grand Experiment – a competition spread around the great arenas of the European continent.

Turkey, pipped at the post for Euro 2016, could have coped with the expanded format and would, I'm sure, have hosted a terrific festival of football.

But having a single bidder – as, to all intents and purposes, did FIFA for the 2014 World Cup – is never ideal for the rights-holder: it all but ensures the future host holds the whip-hand in competition-related negotiations.

Launch of Istanbul 2020 logoIstanbul's bid for the 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Games threw a spanner in the works for Turkey's bid for the 2020 European Championship

On this occasion, Istanbul's bid for the 2020 Olympics and Paralympics – a bid that looks, at present, to have at least a 50:50 chance of success – posed an additional complication.

It was these two elements taken together, rather than doubts over Turkey's capacity to handle a 24-team tournament, which, I would surmise, prompted UEFA to reach the conclusion it did.

● Rather than the anointment of the solitary candidate, we now, of course, have the prospect of an exciting year-long bidding contest, starting in March, as stadia across the continent vie for a piece of the Euro 2020 action.

The process may turn out to have some similarities with the way in which communities in Platini's native France (and beyond) are chosen to play a part in the Tour de France bicycle race, whose route changes every year.

With venues expected, at present, to be selected in spring 2014, one wonders whether the process might impinge on the race to succeed Sepp Blatter, FIFA's long-standing President, in world football's top job in 2015.

Sepp Blatter Michel PlatiniWill Euro 2020 have an impact on Michel Platini's chances of succeeding Sepp Blatter as FIFA President?

For this to happen, first Platini would need to run – which I think he will; second, the stadium choices, or the whole concept of a continent-wide competition, would need to have a bearing on voting decisions.

For now, this is just another potential element to factor into an already complicated FIFA equation.

But, with other European candidates for the top job a distinct possibility and Platini vulnerable, in my opinion, to being branded the "anti big football business" candidate, I wouldn't be surprised if the structuring of Euro 2020 played some part in a campaign that will be of critical importance for the future shape of world football.

● The decision to go with a continent-wide format is fantastic news for the Football Association (FA).

The sport's oldest governing body is already set to benefit from the windfall of seeing two Champions League finals in quick succession (2011 and 2013) staged at Wembley.

The 2011 final generated additional turnover of £16 million ($26 million/€20 million) for the FA, offset by £11 million ($18 million/€14 million) of extra costs.

wembley stadium euro 2020The FA is set to bid for the Euro 2020 final to take place at Wembley Stadium

Now it has been handed an outstanding chance of hosting some big Euro 2020 matches – including possibly the final – as well, and hence of making further inroads into the debt-load it took on to finance Wembley in the first place.

The football authorities in France, the Euro 2016 host, also have reason to be pleased about UEFA's groundbreaking initiative.

It ostensibly gives them a chance of hosting matches in two consecutive European championships – and given the infrastructural improvements being made with Euro 2016 in mind, French stadia ought to be able to make a compelling case for being handed Euro 2020 ties.

● I have read that the multi-country format will be good for airlines.

This may be so, but it is too early to be sure.

What we may get – though I very much hope not – is a competition in which all the biggest countries get to play multiple matches at home.

● As a student of the Olympic Movement as well as football politics, I find it interesting that UEFA is spreading one of its flagship tournament's far and wide at a time when "compactness" – how close the venues are together – is held to be a virtue in Olympicland.

I have to say, I think we are a long way from a continent-wide Olympics – although it would make little odds to the vast majority of the event's sofa-bound, TV-viewing audience.

london 2012 olympic stadium 09232A continent-wide Olympics could provide a viable long-term business model for Olympic Stadiums

But it could provide a solution to one of the modern Olympic world's most intractable problems: identifying a viable long-term business model for Olympic Stadia.

As we know, demand for 80,000-capacity athletics arenas is extremely limited; yet the stature of football club capable of filling such a stadium week in week out on the whole doesn't want its pitch surrounded by a running track, and does want lots of posh seating for corporate entertainment purposes.

A European Olympics could see the Opening and Closing Ceremonies at (say) Wembley, with athletics entrusted to one of the established Diamond League venues, supplemented with temporary seating to augment capacity.

No, I can't see it happening either.

But I doubt UEFA will be the only sports body driven to re-think its competition formats in quite radical ways by external forces of which the anaemic European economy is just one.

David Owen worked for 20 years for the Financial Times in the United States, Canada, France and the UK. He ended his FT career as sports editor after the 2006 World Cup and is now freelancing, including covering the 2008 Beijing Olympics, the 2010 World Cup and London 2012. Owen's Twitter feed can be accessed here.

Alan Hubbard: Will the IOC remain largely a preserve of the rich, the venerable – and the male?

Alan HubbardA visit to Athens this week confirmed the view that the future of London's Olympic Stadium must involve a football club. Without the presence of the round ball game the stadium which gloriously hosted the Olympic Games of 2004 would now be as much an old ruin as the Acropolis or the Parthenon.

Shabby and run down it may be, like the Greek economy, but at least it is in regular use, then Greek Super league clubs Panathinaikos and AEK sharing it on alternate weekends. Without football it would be as much a white elephant as several other now derelict venues that helped produce such a memorable Games eight years ago.

This has to be the lesson for London, which is why the mayor is wrong when he declares "the Stadium will have a future in any event" should the new deal with West Ham United not work out.

Oh no it won't, Boris.

Should that happen the Greeks have a word for it. Chaos.

The Greeks have words for many things of course, and some date back to the decrees of Ancient Greece and the birth of the original Olympic Games.

A few days spent in the sadly impoverished cradle of both the ancient and modern Games brought reflections on how far they have  come since the days when women were barred from competing in- or even watching - the Olympics.

London demonstrated this year that in almost all respects sexism, like racism, has been firmly extinguished that equality is now the Olympic buzzword.

Although not quite.

For all its attempts at modernisation the International Olympic Committee (IOC) remains largely a preserve of the rich, the venerable – and the male.

Jacques Rogge IOC President at the executive board meeting in LausanneJacques Rogge at the opening of the Executive Board meeting in Lausanne earlier this week

A few women members now tread the corridors of power but a high heel has yet to step purposefully through the glass ceiling that covers the IOC headquarters in Lausanne.

By that I mean no woman has ever come close to being considered a candidate for the most prestigious office in world sport – the Presidency of the IOC itself.

But could this be about to change next year, when Jacques Rogge steps down after eight years in which he has overseen many commendable changes in the way Olympic sport is governed.

Who will succeed him?

The thought occurs that if Lord Coe was currently an IOC member the question might be superfluous as he surely would be as much a shoo-in as he was for the chair of the British Olympic Association (BOA) - installed by acclamation after the stupendous success of London 2012 and the personal global esteem that now engulfs him.

Next time, maybe.

Instead, while none have yet formally declared their intention to run for the election to be held at the 125th IOC session in Buenos Aires next September, we have mainly the usual suspects who, as they say on those TV talent show polls, are, in no particular order:

Thomas Bach, 59, long-serving vice-president, former German Olympic fencing champion and loyal henchman to Rogge, who is believed to be the strongest candidate and current favourite.

Thomas Bach of GermanyGermany's Thomas Bach is favourite to take up the IOC Presidency

Richard Carrion, 60, a Puerto Rican banker and financial expert who chairs the IOC Finance Commission.

Denis Oswald, 65, former Swiss rower well-known to London for his diligent overseeing of the 2012 Coordination Commission.

Wu Ching-kuo (aka Dr C K Wu), 66, ambitious reformist Taiwanese head of international boxing body AIBA whose latest edict is to remove the word amateur from the sport in attempt to control all aspects of boxing.

Ng Ser Miang, 63, Chinese-born Singaporean diplomat and former Olympic sailor who won plaudits for organising then 2005 IOC session where London won the 2012 bid, and hosting the successful Youth Olympics in Singapore.

All men of a certain age, and one disadvantage Messrs Carrion, Wu and Ng are that they are non-Europeans. Only one of the nine IOC presidents of the modern Games – the awful American "Slaverty" Avery Brundage- has come from outside Europe.

Denis Oswald the IOC coordination committee Jacques Rogge IOC President and Christophe de Keeper IOC director generalDenis Oswald (left) presided the IOC's Coordination Commission for London 2012

Time for a change of Continent?

Unlikely. But nowhere near as titanic a turn-up as a change of sex.

For I hear there is growing campaign to get the woman who arguably has done more than anyone for female emancipation in Olympic sport to stand for the IOC Presidency.

Nawal El Moutawakel was never shy of putting her best foot forward as a runner, pioneering the historic breakthrough when winning the inaugural women's 400 metres hurdles event at the 1984 Los Angeles Games.

In doing she became not only the first Moroccan but the first African, Arab and Muslim woman to win an Olympic gold medal.

Although she had been an accomplished runner, the victory of El Moutawakel, then a student at Iowa State University in the USA, shocked her nation.

Previously she had been verbally abused, and even spat upon as she ran barefoot through the streets of Casablanca.

But attitudes changed sharply when King Hassan telephoned his congratulations, and declared that all girls born the day of her victory were to be named in her honour.

Nawal el Moutakawel of MoroccoNawal El Moutawakelof Morocco made history in 1984 when she became the first Moroccan, African, Arab and Muslim woman to win an Olympic gold medal

Subsequently she became a high-flying businesswoman, then Morocco's Minister for Sport and an IOC Executive Board member, perhaps best known for leading the Evaluation Commission for the 2012 Games.

Very much an Anglophile, she always carried a torch for London - literally so when running a leg of the torch relay Westminster this year.

Coe always believed she was instrumental in helping sway then decision London's way in 2005.

At 50 she remains the iconic a role model for women's sport, for which she has consistently broadened the parameters.

Fourteen years ago she organised the first Moroccan women's 10 kilometres race in Casablanca which now attracts more than 30,000 participants annually. All women. The men - husbands, brothers and neighbours - now cheer from the windows and roadsides. It is a remarkable display of sorority in a predominantly Muslim country.

Nawal el Moutakawel IOCCould Nawal El Moutawakel who is such a iconic a role model for women's sport, take over from Jacques Rogge?

"Sport has given me so much that whatever I give back it will never be enough," she has said

I hope El Moutawakel puts on her running shoes again – this time for the top job in global sport. Madame President.

An African head of the IOC – and a woman to boot?

Now that really would propel sport into the 21st century.

And the Greeks have a word – or two- for it, Καλὴ τύχη

That means Good, Luck.

Alan Hubbard is an award-winning sports columnist for The Independent on Sunday, and a former sports editor of The Observer. He has covered a total of 16 Summer and Winter Olympics, 10 Commonwealth Games, several football World Cups and world title fights from Atlanta to Zaire

Andrew Warshaw: The global clamour for goal-line technology is finally bearing fruit

Emily Goddard
Andrew Warshaw ITGDid the ball cross the line? It's a question fans have been asking ever since the 1966 FIFA World Cup final when England striker Geoff Hurst's extra time goal against Germany was dubiously yet innocently allowed to stand by the Swiss referee on the advice of his Soviet linesman.

The other more pressing question is why nothing has ever been done, in the 46 years since, to avoid countless similar occurrences of the referee getting it wrong, accidentally perhaps but often with dire consequences. But now, at last, the global clamour for goal-line technology is finally bearing fruit. Most believe it is long overdue apart from those stubborn traditionalists who blindly take the view that crucial decisions should never be helped by scientific aids.

For years, FIFA was staunchly against the use of any form of technology. Every time the issue was on the agenda at the annual meeting of the International Football Association Board (IFAB), those advocating technology eagerly awaited the outcome, believing they had finally convinced the game's ultra-conservative lawmakers to give the concept the green light. And every year, the game's lawmakers came up with some delaying tactic, invariably that there was no foolproof system, and sent the manufacturers away to do more tweaking.

That all changed after South Africa 2010 World Cup when England – in a reversal of 1966 – were denied a clear goal against Germany. It was the moment FIFA President Sepp Blatter changed his mind. It was also the moment the often-laborious journey to introduce technology was kicked into top gear.

Now, this week, following final IFAB approval in July and six months of painstaking fine-tuning and experimentation at a series of low-key fixtures, goal-line technology is being introduced in official competition for the first time: the Club World Cup in Japan.

It cannot come soon enough and don't just take my word for it. Jérôme Valcke, FIFA's secretary general, said as much when he hailed implementation as a revolution.

Hawk-Eye camsThe Hawk-Eye system uses quick-speed cameras as in tennis and cricket

Two systems are being used, both having been rigorously tested and both able to transmit to the referee within just one second whether the ball is over the line. First, there is Hawk-Eye (cameras pictured above), based on deploying quick-speed cameras in similar fashion to the system used in tennis and cricket. Then there is GoalRef, which uses magnetic sensors with a chip inserted in the ball.

The importance of the two systems working perfectly at the Club World Cup cannot be underestimated. After the tournament, FIFA will choose which of them to use at next year's Confederations Cup and then the World Cup in Brazil in 2014.

Thank Goodness, the custodians of the game have finally seen sense by agreeing on a way to prevent any more blunders. Words like revolution, which Valcke used, are often over-used but this is surely one of the most pivotal rulings in terms of pulling the game we all love into the 21st century.

Before we all get carried away, it should be mentioned that goal-line technology does not come cheap. Very few leagues in the short term will be able to afford it. Each installation will cost around $250,000 (£155,000/€190,000) per club.

But it's the principle that counts. Whenever goal-line disputes happen – and they happen all over the world whatever Michel Platini might say – they are highlighted more than any other area of the game. Why? Because they can lead to teams being eliminated from competitions, coaches getting the sack, players breaking down in tears and referees being lambasted by all and sundry. As injustices go, few are as damaging as when a perfectly good goal is ruled out after the ball has struck the woodwork. Just as appalling, of course, is the reverse, in other words when a goal is given that patently shouldn't have been.

additional assistant refereesMichel Platini has been a strong advocate for employing two additional assistant referees to preserve the game's human aspect

I have enormous respect for many of Platini's forward-looking ideas. Since taking over at UEFA, he has invariably put the game first and personal ambition second: championing the role of smaller clubs, introducing financial fair play, never afraid to court controversy if he believes in something passionately.

But his opposition to goal-line technology is as misguided as it is backward. The idea that it will somehow inevitably lead to video technology in other areas of the game like offsides and penalties has no basis in fact. Platini's pet plan of employing two extra linesmen – or additional assistant referees as they are officially termed – in order to preserve the game's human aspect may be laudable but does not keep pace with modern-day needs – or with other major sports like rugby, cricket and tennis for that matter. Nor, crucially, is it given greater credence than goal-line technology by fans, players and coaches alike.

Platini has repeatedly stated he will never allow goal-line technology in UEFA competitions. That is his right. He genuinely believes his system is more beneficial to the game, more practical, cheaper and more effective. In the interests of fair play, however, there are millions who disagree.

The one point the UEFA President perhaps misses more than any is that the very body of people goal-line technology is designed to help most – the referees themselves – are by and large in favour. If they weren't, it would be a different story.

Andrew Warshaw is a former sports editor of The European, the newspaper that broke the Bosman story in the 1990s, the most significant issue to shape professional football as we know it today. Before that, he worked for the Associated Press for 13 years in Geneva and London. He is now the chief football reporter for insidethegames and insideworldfootball. Follow him on Twitter.

Tom Degun: An emotional farewell to London 2012

Tom Degun ITG2It has now been a few months since London 2012 ended and in many circles; that is a lifetime ago.

On my almost-daily visits to the capital, I still travel past the Olympic Park in Stratford.

But no longer is it the lively theatre that so wonderfully showcased the world's greatest athletes to all four corners of the globe; rather an almost deserted building site that harbours the London 2012 ghosts of Usain Bolt and Michael Phelps.

Obviously it will soon reopen as the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park where we are promised it will become a vibrant new East London community. But I don't think anyone can honestly expect it to still contain the same magic that it did during this summer.

The people who made it such a marvellous spectacle are also gone to different walks of life.

Rather poignantly, I attended the 2015 Rugby World Cup draw on Monday (December 3) where Debbie Jevans, the former London 2012 Director of Sport, now serves as chief executive of the Organising Committee for the next big sporting event on English shores.
 
Debbie JevansFormer London 2012 Director of Sport Debbie Jevans is now chief executive of the England 2015 Rugby World Cup

But when surrounded by the rugby media, not one reference was made to Jevans' past life at London 2012, despite her integral role in the bid for and then organisation of the 2012 Games.

But in a small corner of London this week, in SoHo Hotel, the 2012 Olympics and Paralympics was being remembered at the LOCOG annual (and last) Christmas media drinks.

Heading the cast was London 2012 chairman Sebastian Coe with London 2012 chief executive Paul (now Lord) Deighton also in attendance.

As is customary for the event, Coe climbed on the table towards the end of proceedings to thank the media, surprisingly sincerely, for their contribution in making London 2012 such a success.

seb coe BOA chairSebastian Coe is now British Olympic Association chairman

"It is you, asking the hard questions, that made us a better organisation," Coe said to widespread approval in the room.

He carried on in an emotional speech before humorously ending: "See you all at the British Olympic Association (BOA) soon!"

Of course Coe was referencing the fact that he is now BOA chairman, but the joke was that it seemed almost irrelevant in the context of this night.

The interest of the British media in the next Games – the Sochi 2014 Winter Olympics and Paralympics – will be minimal.

Interest will obviously grow again when Rio 2016 comes around but for the intermittent period; the goings-on at Coe's beloved Chelsea Football Club will have to fill the sports sections of most daily newspapers.

It is sad but perhaps not that surprising to think how fast London 2012 has already begun to fade into a distant, pleasant memory and speaking in SoHo Hotel to the wonderful London 2012 media team for potentially the last time was an enjoyable yet slightly depressing experience given that it symbolised the end of a long and wonderful journey.

Opening CeremonyLondon 2012 staged what is widely seen as the greatest Olympics and Paralympics ever

Clearly London 2012 ended several months ago but with the year now drawing to a close, it feels like the metaphorical curtain is only now closing on the Olympics and Paralympics and arguably the greatest ever year for the old capital city.

The Olympic and Paralympic circus has now packed up and left town but what remains is the warm satisfaction of having been a small part of the greatest Games in history.

And that was something rather bittersweet for all of us in SoHo Hotel.

Tom Degun is a reporter for insidethegames

Duncan Mackay: If the IOC strips Armstrong of his Olympic medal then they are being unfair to Sharron Davies and history's other cheated athletes

Duncan Mackay
Duncan MackayLance Armstrong will be top of the agenda when the International Olympic Committee's (IOC) ruling Executive Board convenes for the second of its two-day meeting in Lausanne tomorrow. They are determined to act tough and, perhaps much more importantly, be seen to be acting tough.

But they should be very, very careful about what action they decide to take because this is more than just about Armstrong, much more.

Earlier today the Executive Board suspended the Indian Olympic Association (IOA) for failing to hold its forthcoming elections under the rules of the Olympic Charter.

But tomorrow they are apparently getting ready to ignore their sacred Charter so that they can punish Armstrong and strip him of the Olympic bronze medal he won at Sydney 12 years ago, even though it says in the Charter the statute of limitations is restricted to eight. 

In the great robbery that was Armstrong's career, getting away with a bronze medal barely mentions a footnote on the charge sheet when set against stealing seven Tour de France titles. But, like everyone else, so upset are the IOC that they were taken for a ride - literally - by the American that they seem prepared to try to find a way to circumnavigate their own rules to take it away from him.

Lance Armstrong Sydney 2000 time trialLance Armstrong faces losing the Olympic bronze medal he won in the time trial at Sydney in 2000

John Coates, the Australian lawyer who is a member of the IOC Executive Board, claims that the statute "simply doesn't apply if you have broken the law". That seems a fair enough argument but, while Armstrong may have been tried and found guilty in the court of public opinion, he hasn't actually been convicted of anything criminal (although he may still face perjury charges at some point in the distant future). 

Thomas Bach, meanwhile, another lawyer, who is in pole position to replace Jacques Rogge as President of the IOC, claims that they must strip Armstrong of the medal because they have a "zero-tolerance policy on doping".

Well, if that's the case, and they are going to be consistent, then the IOC had better book a meeting room in the Palace Hotel in Lausanne on a long-term basis, get their most recent copy of The Complete Book of the Olympics by David Wallechinsky off the shelf, take the tops off their red pens and start revising because this could take some time...

Where shall we start?

I know, how about the time trial from the Sydney Olympics in 2000? Yes, the very same race that Armstrong finished third in and which the IOC are so keen to revise the result for. Because there, in second place, just one spot ahead of Lance was Jan Ullrich, his old German rival, who claimed the silver medal to add to the gold he had won earlier in the Games in the road race.

Like Armstrong, right to the time he got off his bike and hung up his helmet, he denied doping, although there was plenty of circumstantial evidence for which you hardly needed to be Hercule Poirot to have your suspicions aroused even before he was found guilty of a historic doping offence earlier this year, despite having retired in 2007.

That was even before Ullrich's old boss at Telekom, Rudy Pevenage, admitted in the wake of the Armstrong scandal that they had doped. The IOC has already investigated Ullrich once but decided that there was nothing they could do because the statute of limitations had expired (even though they are prepared to overlook that in the case of Armstrong). 

Jan Ullrich on medal podium Sydney 2000Germany's Jan Ullrich (left) has been allowed to keep the medals he won at Sydney 2000, including the gold in the road race

Okay, there is a grey area here because Pevenage has claimed that Ullrich was "clean" between 1998 - when the Festina scandal erupted - and 2001 when they realised their US rival "had become superhuman...and we tried to find the recipe, the same recipe as Armstrong". But is there anyone out there who truly believes that Ullrich is more deserving of being allowed to keep his medals from Sydney than Armstrong? I think not.

How about another case, that of the British runner Mike McLeod. He crossed the line third in the 10,000 metres at the 1984 Olympics in Los Angeles but was promoted after Finnish rival Matti Vainio, who finished second, was disqualified for failing a drugs test for anabolic steroids, the first track and field medal winner to be disqualified at an Olympic Games.

Then, several years later, the Italian gold medallist Alberto Cova, confessed to blood doping, a process where blood is taken from the athlete, stored while the body replenishes itself, then given back prior to competition. The procedure was sanctioned by the Italian athletics federation at the time but was not technically illegal because of a loophole in the rules, so another grey area the IOC will argue.

But, let's call a spade a spade here, it was cheating and if the IOC are to embrace this new policy of "zero tolerance" however much time has elapsed, then surely there is a 60-year-old grandfather in Newcastle who deserves to be given the gold medal he was cheated out nearly 30 years ago?

Okay, I can see that this isn't as easy as it looks. So how about a case where there is no doubt, where the athlete themselves have admitted that they were doped when they won their gold medal and have even asked the authorities to strip them of their performances? We can't get any more clear-cut than that, can we? They have even looked their beaten opponent in the eye and admitted that they cheated.

Step forward Petra Schneider, the East German swimmer who won the 400m medley at Moscow in 1980. She has subsequently acknowledged that she was fuelled throughout her career by anabolic steroids prescribed to her by the East German authorities. So honest was she that when she met Sharron Davies, the Briton she beat in the Soviet capital, for a television programme she admitted it on camera.

Petra SchneiderEast Germany's Petra Schneider has admitted that she used anabolic steroids throughout her career, including when she won the 400m medley at Moscow in 1980

After the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989, hundreds of thousands of pages of documentary evidence was uncovered of a state-administered drugs programme involving leading athletes, like Schneider, who could be identified by codes or in some cases letters kept in Stasi files. They are the "War and Peace" of doping history and make the 1,000 page document prepared by the United States Anti-Doping Agency (USADA) on the Armstrong case look like an Enid Blyton paperback.

Besides Schneider, those named in public include track and field Olympic champions Marita Koch, Barbel Wockel, Heike Drechsler, Jürgen Schult and Thomas Munkelt.Yet, look at the results from when GDR made their Olympic debut at Mexico City in 1968 until Seoul 1988, which marked their final appearance, their names are all still there, including Schneider.

The United States Olympic Committee asked for the redistribution of gold medals won at Montreal in 1976 after Andrea Pollack, a swimmer who won two gold medals there, admitted she had been doped at the time. But, despite court rulings in Germany that substantiate claims of systematic doping, the IOC Executive Board has always resisted revising the results.

In turning down the American petition on behalf of its women's medley relay team in Montreal and a similar petition from the British Olympic Association on behalf of Davies, the IOC has always made it clear that it wanted to discourage any such appeals in the future.

Even if Armstrong is stripped of his medal tomorrow the IOC apparently plan to leave the third place position vacant rather than redistributing it to the fourth-placed Abraham Olano Manzano from Spain. That is following the lead of the International Cycling Union (UCI), who have declined to reallocate any of Arrmsong's seven Tour de France victories between 1999 and 2005, perhaps mindful that in three of those years Ullrich had finished second to him.

There is a precedent for an Olympic "ghost" race, of course. Three years ago, at the corresponding IOC Executive Board meeting, they took away the five medals, four of them gold, American Marion Jones had won at Sydney, the end of a long running saga that had started when she was still covered by the IOC's statute of limitations following her admission that she had been using drugs at the time.

Marion Jones after winning 100m Sydney 2000The result of the women's 100m at Sydney 2000 was left blank after the original winner Marion Jones was disqualified

The medals they took away included the gold in the 100m, which they declined to re-award to the runner-up Ekaterina Thanou, the Greek who herself has been banned for being linked to drugs. That decision by the IOC was perhaps perfectly understandable given the circumstances.

But, if they decide to take action against Armstrong tomorrow even though it would clearly be illegal under the rules of the Olympic Charter and strip him of his medal (good luck getting him to package it up and post it back to Lausanne, by the way), they could stand accused of victimisation. I, though prefer to think that Armstrong is more suffering from his cause célèbre (although I have no sympathy for him). 

It is unlikely that the IOC would have been as tough on, say for example, an Eastern European weightlifter from Sydney who had been exposed as a drugs cheat a dozen years later because such a case would have warranted just a few lines in the media. Then they would have hid behind the Olympic Charter and the "statute of limitations". 

Armstrong doesn't deserve to keep his bronze medal but nor do the likes of Davies deserve the injustice of seeing the IOC ignore the statute of limitations that were used to deny them the justice they craved just because they need to be seen to be tough now.

Duncan Mackay is the award winning editor of insidethegames. A former UK Sports Journalist of the Year and UK Sports Internet Writer of the Year, he previously worked for The Guardian and The Observer.

Mike Rowbottom: Fears dark forces are at work as charter for cycling change launched

Duncan Mackay
Mike Rowbottom head and shouldersMonday's press conference in London to air the conclusions of a weekend's brainstorming on behalf of the beleaguered sport of cycling brought together an impressive bunch of speakers on the podium, all travelling under the banner of the Change Cycling Now pressure group formed within the last month by Australian entrepreneur and businessman Jaimie Fuller.

Among those facing reporters and television cameras in the main Conference Room of the Hilton Metropole Hotel were Fuller, chairman of Skins compression sportswear manufacturers,  sports specialist Dr John Hoberman of the University of Texas, Dr Michael Ashenden, acknowledged as one of the world's leading experts on blood doping, former rider Eric Boyer, now manager of the Cofidis team, campaigning journalist and former cyclist Paul Kimmage, and the only American to have won the Tour de France – now that Lance Armstrong no longer holds that honour following the latest doping scandal to have convulsed the sport this year – that is, Greg LeMond.

Kimmage revealed that there had been a plan to put out an extra seat, one which would not be occupied, to mark the fact that, despite all efforts to bring a current rider on the circuit into this urgent initiative to cleanse and revivify cycling, no one dared.

"They were all just terrified of what the repercussions might be," explained Kimmage, whom the UCI tried to sue for defamation earlier this year but who has now launched a legal riposte after a fighting fund launched for him raised over £50,000. "That isn't the sign of a healthy organisation..."

Paul Kimmage Change Cycling Now summit December 2 2012Former cyclist and journalist Paul Kimmage has been at the forefront of exposing doping in the sport

Fuller added that he had personally spoken to numerous cyclists without success. "I tried very hard to get riders engaged," he said. "The vast majority were intimidated about what could have happened to them if they stuck their head above the parapet and criticised the UCI.

"One of them said to me: 'To do what we have to do is a revolution. At times you have to be prepared to die for the revolution. But I am not quite ready to die just yet.'"

There did indeed seem something revolutionary about this gathering, and about the hastily formed Charter of the Willing which outlined what is seen as the vital need for change in four main areas as the call goes up for an independent commission to investigate the UCI and senior management, fully independent doping controls, a cultural change in the UCI and the establishment of a Truth and Reconciliation Commission which would enable riders to talk frankly about the doping culture which has ravaged the sport.

It seemed as if all present could be in at the beginning of something momentous, albeit not yet fully formed. The Change Cycling group believe the position of the current UCI President, Pat McQuaid, and the Honorary President, Hein Verbruggen, are untenable given that the UCI's conduct is about to be scrutinised by an Independent Commission including Britain's 11-times Paralympic champion Baroness Tanni Grey-Thompson.

As he responded to a questioner seeking confirmation of his intention to fulfil a possible role of interim President of UCI, LeMond - perhaps slightly crazed by the 12-hour marathon discussions in which he and his colleagues had been embroiled in the previous days – was less than decisive.

Greg LeMond in front of Change Cycling Now logoGreg LeMond has offered to act as interim President if Pat McQuaid steps down

"I was asked by this group here, if we were successful, that until we found a full time President would I be willing to step in as interim," LeMond said. "If we can't find anyone more qualified, I would do whatever I can to change the sport. I'm not pushing myself. But I would do whatever I could to support this group."

But if this was revolution, cycling history in the making, there was no sense of it matching William Wordsworth's heady reflection in his poem The French Revolution as It Appeared to Enthusiasts at Its Commencement – "Bliss was it in that dawn to be alive..."

You felt dark forces at work outside this brightly lit room. Maybe it's all the pre-publicity around for the imminent release of the Lord of the Rings follow up film, The Hobbit (a bit of reverse history if you like), but as LeMond, then Kimmage, then Boyer spoke of their recent interactions with the UCI, the world governing body seemed to take on a sinister, Sauron-like feel...

LeMond, an outspoken critic of doping in cycling who first crossed swords with Armstrong in 2001 and has come under heavy pressure to retract, shied away from the suggestion that this year's United States Anti-Doping Agency (USADA) report, which concluded that Armstrong had been at the epicentre of "the most sophisticated, professionalised and successful doping programme the sport has ever seen" was a vindication for his views.

"Vindicated?" LeMond said. "I don't know. I was incredibly sad, because I have paid a huge price, my family has paid a huge price. I have been afraid for my safety. I had a fitness company that suffered some bizarre interactions. I know I could have played along with everybody.

"A lot of people came to me and wanted to tell me stuff. At times I wish I'd never heard it and gone fishing instead. But I suppose there was a sense of relief when it came out.

"Nothing surprised me in the USADA report at all. If people had paid attention, David Walsh has written about it. Everything was there. The shocking thing was it felt so long for people to come around."

Change Cycling Now press conference London December 3 2012Change Cycling Now launched a new charter in London designed to revolutionise the sport

Kimmage, who lost his job at the Sunday Times in January, admitted that there had been a period of five days, after the UCI had launched their legal action against him, when he wondered whether he had wasted his time and effort.

"I did question things when got the subpoena from the UCI a couple of months ago," he said. "I had been without work since January. It starts to bite after nine months. It started to bite when I received the subpoena. I thought 'I've got to go to Switzerland now to answer these charges – and that's going to cost money.

"I said to myself: 'What did all your ranting and raving and your book do to serve the sport?' And I said to myself  'It has served nothing. It was a waste of time.' But a week later I get bike fans not only supporting me but putting their hands in their pocket and preparing to help me in that way.

"So there was a five-day period where I thought 'It's a waste of time here, what did it serve?' Then I realised it actually did do some good. The public want clean sport, they want a clean Tour de France, and that's important."

Boyer, formerly a French cyclist who won three stages of the Giro d'Italia and competed in eight Tours de France, recalled how, as President of the International Association of Professional Cycling Groups (AIGCP) he had questioned whether Armstrong had undergone the statutory six months registered on the anti-doping programme before his racing comeback in the 2009 Tour Down Under.

He claimed he was told by McQuaid that it was none of his business, and that he had ceased to be a creditable President of the AIGCP.

Jorg Jaksche, a former pro cyclist who was identified in the 2006 Operation Puerto investigation as being involved in blood doping - something he later admitted to - spoke of the way what he described as a culture of doping robbed riders of the pure joy of competing which had brought them to the sport.

"No one did it at first because he thought he could earn a lot of money," Jaksche told the press conference. "This is what was taken away from us. You had to dope or you would lose your job and your passion. It is full of doubts. We don't know what the UCI are doing. There is no movement from them, other than to protect themselves. But there is no future without being honest about the past."

Michael Ashenden with Jorg JakscheDr Michael Ashenden, one of the world's leading experts on blood doping, chats with former professional cycling Jorg Jaksche

Ashenden made the point strongly that he felt reconciliation, rather than recrimination, was the way forward. And that the Truth and Reconciliation Commission would play the crucial role in this. He made the point that fuller detail of how this might operate could not be revealed until the group had had a chance to canvass opinion among riders.

As things stand, the idea of amnesties for cyclists admitting guilt is not something catered for by the World Anti-Doping Agency, whose Director General, David Howman, was present for some of the fervent discussion which took place over the weekend, offering what Fuller described as invaluable advice.

But that empty chair...this impassioned case still has to be made to the hearts and minds of the main body or professional riders. And indeed to the main board of WADA.

Have we reached the tipping point?

Ashenden believes the case is undisputable.

"I think that in any walk of life leaders of organisations bear responsibility for what has happened under their watch and that's what I don't see at the moment. Until they do that, the message that comes down to riders underneath is  'Well, you  know what? Let's just sit tight and maybe the whole thing will go away.'  That's not the message we need today."

It was left to LeMond, the reluctant politician, to add a final reflection.

"I would still wish Armstrong to come forward and explain. I might even shake his hand if he could do this. There was a huge effort by multiple people, and he alone could reveal that. That would be the one redeeming thing he could do for cycling. Because he has done a lot of damage to it."

Mike Rowbottom, one of Britain's most talented sportswriters, has covered the past five Summer and four Winter Olympics for The Independent. Previously he has worked for the Daily Mail, The Times, The Observer, the Sunday Correspondent and The Guardian. He is now chief feature writer for insidethegames.